About Pun
Pun is the sub cast of Magar-a Sino-Tibetan ethnic group and the largest indigenous ethnic nationalities of Nepal. It is one of the bravest communities with its own ancient rich culture. Whose homeland extends from the western and southern edges of the Dhaulagiri section of the high Himalayas range south to the prominent Mahabharat foothill range and eastward into the Gandaki basin. The regions that the Pun Magar tribe inhabit are the districts of Myagdi, Baglung, Parbat, Gulmi, Argha khanchi, Rolpa, Rukum, Kaski and little no. around the Nepal. According to Nepals 2001 census, 1,622,421 people identified themselves as belonging to the Magar ethnolinguistic group. And Pun Magar is about 194700 and about 0.35 % of whole country Nepal.
Magars follow Buddhism with priest called Bhusal, the social process of Sanskritization has drawn some southern Magar population to develop a syncretic form of Hinduism that combines animist and Buddhist rituals. Due to this social process, Pun magars develop animist and Buddhist rituals. Under Pun there are more than 10 subcasts. Medium built, wheatened in complex oval or round face, black hair, razor cut eyes generally describes the physiques of Pun Magars being sub cast of Magars they are cheerful, peace loving kind hearted, gentle honest and brave people. At the time of festival they like to be involved in merry making by singing and performing their traditional dances like Sorathi, Jhyaure, Dohri, Salaijo, Shira-phule, Hai-Halne and many more. And the Pun Magars also celebrate Festivals like Dashain, Tihar, Teez, Buddha Purnima and Maghe Sankranti etc.
Most of Pun Magars speak Nepali Language, and some are Kham Kura. The birth of a child is an occasion of happiness in any community and it is no exception among in Pun Magar people. While birth pollution is observed for 5-6 days, it maybe for a period of 11 days in another. Hinduised Pun Magar do this ritual the hinduistic way and thus call in Brahmin priest and other use their own Dhami or Jhankri to perform the necessary activities like the Chhaiti on the sixth day where the belief is that the god of destiny arrives and writes the destiny of the child on its forehead. Thus they maintain a whole nightlong vigil and in the process sing devotional religious and traditional songs. The ones who remain till the morning are presented (Daan)food, alcohol and money, which are laid out on a Nanglo meaning-winnowing fan. Next step is the Navran, which is when the child receives its name and is, made ritually pure along with its mother and the whole household. On this day the calculations are made using the time of birth, date and such data, and then the zodiac is determined. After this the childs name is selected and Navran is over. It is only after the Navran that the child is allowed to wear proper stitched clothes. The initial rice feeding ceremony or Pasni (Bhat Khulai-First rice taken by Child) involves the child to be bathed in sunpani (water through which gold has been passed) followed by the feeding of the rice, milk, yogurt and meat as well. The child get a new set of clothes and the parents commence this feeding first to be followed by the others who are present. A girl is feed rice when 5 months old and a boy when 6 months. This is the ritual hair cutting ceremony or chhaewar and done at the age of 3 though some do it at the age of 5. The years on which this is done must be odd. All maternal kin and cross cousins are invited along with other guests. The maternal uncle or mama (Mothers Brother) must do the cutting of the hair and if he should be absent then a member of the maternal kin group has to perform this function. Only the Tuppi (topknot) is left on the childs head. For girls there is no such ceremony but they do receive Gunewcholo (pair of new clothes).
Among practically all the Pun Magar people the marriages pattern are basically of the two common kinds – arranged and Love, though there were cases of forcible or Lataarnae marriages also .Marriages of arrangements occur when the boy reaches a mature age of 25 and female is also about 20-22. Usually parents looks around for a suitable bride for the son (if only his matrilateral cross cousin is under age or not that suitable to get married) and once the girl is located the relatives of the prospective groom go to the house of the girls parents and present them a theki of curds, fruits and alcohol like jaand and raksi (Wine) and talks take place regarding the agreement of the match. After the girls parents agreed called Kura Chhinne number of Janti (friends and relatives) and the musicians, whether Pancha Baja or Naumati baja or Athara baja (eighteen musical instruments) go to brides house along with grooms to fetch the bride. The Pun Magar of the low hills wear the ordinary kachhad or wrap-on-loincloth, a bhoto or a shirt of vest and the usual Nepali topi. The women wear the pariya or sari or lunghi, chaubandhi cholo or a closed blouse and the heavy patuka or waistband and the mujetro or shawl like garment on head. The higher altitude Pun Magars wear an additional boku similar to the Gurung sheepherders. Also wears Bhangra by Males. The ornaments are the mundri on the ears, bulaki on the nose and the phuli on the left nostril, the silver coin necklace and the pote (green beads) with the tilhari gold cyclinder. Pun Magar males do not wear ornaments but some are seen to have earrings or silver and gold hanging from their ears lobes. The Pun Magar girls wear the amulet or locket necklace and women of the lower hills and the high altitude ones wear these made of silver with muga stones imbedded in them. The bangles of gold and glass are also worn on their hands along with the Sirbandhi and Sirphuli on their heads. These are large pieces of gold beaten in elongated and circular shapes.
When a Pun Magar dies, the body of the deceased is covered in a white cloth and tied to a bamboo structure at five places. The corpse is carried by the sons. The Pun Magars place the dead at confluence of two river and burn there. Mourning is observed for eleven days by the nearest relatives and the neighbours. During the pollution period, salt and oil is abstained from. The sons from any part of the world come home for the funeral rites. The death pollution takes place for a period of 10, 12 or 13 day. On the last day, a feast is hosted to all Malami and nearest relatives. Like many other ethnic groups.
The economy of Pun Magar is based on agriculture. Along with farming they are also involved in animal raising, weaving, producing clothes in their traditional way. They produce corn, millet, wheat and paddy along with some vegetable like potato, soybean, onion, and bean. They also raise cow and buffalo for manure and milk. Likewise they keep sheep, goat and Banggur (pig) for meat. Also traditionally many Pun magar youths are found to be enlistment in the army in Nepal, India, United Kingdom(British Army) and Singapore Police. Pun magar youths are also favourite in British troops. Like the Kirat and Gurung they are recruited in the British Army. Many and Pun Magar warriers received world famous VC (Victoria Cross) (Tul Bahadur Pun- VC winner) and other medals for their bravery in the world wars. This is the pride not only for Pun Magar but also for the whole nation.




